The growing concern for sustainability in the chemical industry has led to the development of "green chemistry", which aims to minimize the use and production of hazardous compounds. Solvents are a major concern in chemical reactions, and using multicomponent reactions (MCRs) without solvents is a promising approach. MCRs involve the synthesis of complex organic products using three or more reactants, which can lead to high yields, faster reaction times, and energy conservation. The text highlights various examples of MCRs, including the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated nitrile, and its derivatives, which have important optical and biological properties. The use of metal-free catalysts and natural catalysts such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is also explored as a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach. As a result, the ortho-aminocarbonitrile tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives were prepared in good to excellent yields (70-98%) and acceptable reaction time (22-70 min) in the presence of ascorbic acid as a safe catalyst. Also, solvent-free conditions were applied as a facile and green route to enhance the productivity of the reaction, shorten reaction time, prevent or minimize hazardous products, require simpler downstream separation, and make the process greener by being more economical and environmentally friendly.